Experiences with Managed Aquifer Recharge for Agriculture in a Salinized Flemish Polder Area
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Fresh water is scarce in the northwestern part of Belgium. The shallow coastal aquifer is salinized and the deeper aquifer is largely depleted after decades of overexploitation. Surface water is used for irrigation during summer months, but droughts lead to shortage of fresh surface water and an increase of saline seepage. Climate models predict dryer summers and wetter winters which forces water managers to seek adaptation strategies for the increasing seasonal imbalance. In the European TOPSOIL project (2015-2022) countries around the North Sea investigated the possibilities of using the topsoil to solve current and future water challenges. The Belgian part of the TOPSOIL project investigated the potential of local groundwater measures to tackle the effects of climate change. These measures mainly focus on increasing freshwater resources by using the Ghyben-Herzberg relationship between fresh and salt water. One of the measures with high potential is creek ridge infiltration. Creek ridges are former tidal gullies which became small sandy ridges when land was reclaimed. The higher topography of these ridges led to higher groundwater tables and the development of fresh water lenses. Infiltration of the surplus of surface water in these creek ridges during winter could contribute to a further increase of the thickness of the freshwater lenses and to the need to keep fresh water in the area instead of losing it to the sea. A pilot has been constructed where creek ridge infiltration in combination with level controlled drainage is investigated. The system has been in place since 2022 and the project involved both modelling and measurements of its effects. Main goal of this pilot is to act as a demonstration project for agriculture and to analyse the economic and technical feasibility of creek ridge infiltration.
